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rou dou kou
肉豆蔻
by: Joe Hing Kwok Chu
Picture of seeds
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Pharmaceutical name: |
Semen Myristicae Fragrantis |
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Latin
botanical name:
學名﹕ |
Myristica cagayanensis Merr. |
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Pron. in
Japanese: |
nikuzuku |
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Pron. in
Korean: |
yuktugu |
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Pron. in
Cantonese: |
yuk tao kao |
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Other
Names:別名﹕ |
rou kou, yu kou, rou guo |
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Common
Name:
常用英文名﹕ |
nutmegs |
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Distribution: |
Indonesia, Malaysia, Sri Langka, Taiwan, Guangdong, Yunnan, West
Indies, and Brasil. |
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Properties
characteristics:性味: |
acrid, warm, toxic
味辛，性溫, 有毒。 |
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Channels
meridians entered:
歸經﹕
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spleen, stomach, large intestine
脾﹐胃﹐大腸 |
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Actions &
Indications:
主治﹕ |
Being used as astringent to the intestine
to relieve diarrhea; and to invigorate
digestion. Often being used in cold and deficient type of diarrhea, abdominal pain and
flatulence, cold extremities, incontrollable diarrhea, lack of
appetite and vomiting, weak digestion, vomiting and diarrhea due to
parasites in children.
External use: sprains and bruises from injuries.
有澀腸止瀉﹐溫中行氣的功能。用於虛寒久瀉不止﹐脘腹冷痛﹐氣滯脹痛﹐脾胃虛寒﹐手足厥冷﹐滑泄不禁﹐食少嘔吐﹐消化不良﹐小兒乳積吐瀉等。
外用﹕跌打瘀傷﹐關節扭傷。 |
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Medical
function:
藥理作用﹕ |
improves digestion and appetite.
有增進食慾﹐促進消化作用。 |
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Samples of
formulae:
處方舉例﹕ |
rou dou kou wine extract:
soak the outer wrapping of the seeds in rice wine of high
alcohol content. Let sit in room temperature for about a month.
Usage: for massaging bruises and sprain from injuries. (source:
family formula of editor)
豆蔻花(衣)酒 (外用)﹕肉豆蔻種子的外衣﹐晒乾。浸入三蒸米酒中。放於室內大約一個月左右。用於扭傷﹐跌打傷。按摩患處。(編者祖傳藥方) |
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Chemical
ingredients:
化學成份﹕ |
Seeds contain:
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evaporating oil of 5 ~ 15 %﹐
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fat of 25 ~ 40 %﹐
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starch.
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Pinene
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Sabinene
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Camphene60~ 80%
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Myristicin ~ 4%
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Eugenol¡
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Safrol
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Elemicin
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alpha-Thujene
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Carene
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Dipentene
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Geraniol
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Myristin40 ~73 %
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Olein 3 %
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Diarylpropanoid I, IV, V, VIII, X
Wrappings of the seeds contain:
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evaporting oil of 6 ~ 11 %
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Macilenic acid ( C14H26O2)
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Diarylpropanoid II, III, VI, IX, X
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the rest same as the seed
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Dosage:
用量: |
3 to 6 g
3～6克。 |
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Cautions:
禁忌: |
not to use in cases of:
以下情形忌服
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濕熱瀉痢者或因食物細菌中毒
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懷孕婦人
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痔瘡
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牙周炎
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Toxicity:
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large dosage can cause death. Ingesting 7.6 g can cause dizziness and
stupor.
大量服用肉豆蔻種子可導致瞳孔放大﹐昏迷﹐驚厥﹔並有致死亡的報導。服用7.6
克可致使頭昏失知的報導。 |
Editor note: dry seeds of rou dou kou are used in medicine or as cooking
spice and its toxicity is than the meat of the fruit. In places that produce rou dou kou, the pickled fruit are being eaten
as snack. After being pickled the toxicity is less.
編者註﹕ 藥用或作香料用是用肉豆蔻的乾燥之種子﹐毒性大。一般在產地當水果用的肉豆蔻是用鹽或糖或加醋醃過的果肉﹐毒性較小。
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中藥詞典